Specification of Conclusive Presumptions

The following presumptions, and no others, are deemed conclusive: 1. A malicious and guilty intent, from the deliberate commission of an unlawful act, for the purpose of injuring another; 2. The truth of the facts recited, from the recital in a written instrument between the parties thereto, or their successors in interest by a subsequent title but this rule does not apply to the recital of a consideration; 3. Whenever a party has, by his own declaration, act or omission, intentionally and deliberately led another to believe a particular thing true, and to act upon such belief, he cannot, in any litigation arising out of such declaration, act or omission be permitted to falsify it; 4. A tenant is not permitted to deny the title of his landlord at the time of the commencement of the relation; 5. The issue of a wife cohabiting with her husband who is not impotent, is indisputably presumed to be legitimate; 6. The judgement or order of a court, when declared by this Code to be conclusive; but such judgment or order must be alleged in the pleadings if there be an opportunity to do so; if there be no such opportunity, the judgment or order may be used as evidence; 7. Any other presumption which, by law, expressly made conclusive.